Recently, india expresses to go out of purpose gigantic endowment buy England to be in those who build " Yilisha is white " date is super aircraft carrier. Message, cause each square wide attention instantly, all sorts of guessing see Zhu Baoduan ceaselessly. Connection arrives in recent years India raises national defence considerably expenditure, gigantic endowment purchase strategy of advanced weapon, continuous fire for adjustment to be held missile, often external the joint military exercise, strengthen a variety of activity such as construction of attrib border combat readiness, all these shows defense strategy of India is experiencing great changing.
One, go up in target fixed position, by regional military affairs big country is stridden to big country of global military affairs
India is big country of South Asia area, al dearfoam slipper sears so be Eurasia a strength of fundamental strategy of ground predestined relationship. Long-term since, india " the indian ocean of South Asia of base oneself upon, control, contend for when world top-ranking power " the strategic cause that treats a nation, serve as the basic basis that make and adjusts martial strategy with thi the most popular hans wilhelm s.
At the beginning of becoming independent, suffer Gandhi " nonviolent " and " peace is counteractive " the influence of the thought, ni Helu tries India of have the aid of is mixed in culture honorary advantage, through producing the effect of soft actual strength, help India revives become world big state. In this thought guidance falls, india was adopted " first economy, hind national defence " development is politic, martial force is confined to the menace that answers Pakistan.
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Imprint in 1962 after border war disastrous defeat, international position suffer a disastrous decline of India, its big country dream is thoroughly broken also. The Ying Gandhi of succession abandoned Ni Helu period contending for the dream when world big country highbrowly, be located in eye demarcate dominant of area of contention South Asia to counterpoise. For this, india with " menace is talked " for excuse, strengthen national defence park " crushing everything " position, be on the road that large-scale arms expansion prepares for war. Through the construction of Five-Year Plan of a few national defence, indian army develops ceaselessly expand, to apply South Asia to seek hegemony actually the strategy laid solid foundation. India dearfoam slipper size passes kingdom of Sikkim of dismemberment Pakistan, annex, dispatch troops sri lanka and Maldives, in periphery of cow sb into submission Home Xiaoguo, final establish has the number one place in South Asia.
After cold war ends, as Russia disint the most popular dearfoam slipper egrate, occurrence force of area of the indian ocean " vacuum " . India takes the chance to begin to dilate of area of the indian ocean, carry out " the indian ocean controls the strategy " , strive becomes a of area of the indian ocean main force.
Enter 21 centuries, as national interest ceaseless and outspread, india is in ensure the South Asian Subcontinent and advantage of strategy of area of the indian ocean while, extend power actively to Asia-Pacific area, try to move toward Asia-Pacific big country stage by stage from South Asia big country, become the political chessboard with new Eurasia to go up hard " mix basically chess player of active strategy of ground predestined relationship " . This is national strategy goal with respect to the requirement " escort the Emperor convoy " legionary, outside must waiting for an area with the United States, China hard, big country forms strategic balance of power, walk out of South Asia and area of the indian ocean, to big country of cosmopolitan military affairs way develops.
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India ever sufferred the pain that different race inbreaks to break up with the nation on the history. Marx says, india " escape not to drop the destiny that is conquered, and its whole history is the history that the again and again is conquered " . The foreign enemy that is faced with ceaselessly inbreaks, make subcontinent regnal the posture that is in the strategy to defend from beginning to end, defend with this kind of strategy of posture photograph correlation is the tradition that India does not have dilate. On the history, more to the influence of the outer world the earth's surface shows India to be mixed in culture, religion economic domain. India never also uses a force outside the South Asian Subcontinent that itself thinks, after this kind of tradition continues to India to become independent all the time.
End to cold war independently from India, india basically is the martial strategy that implements passive defense sex, from the United States revive Weng Zhili receiving fishing sits in conflicting, and undergo self-imposed hardships so as to strengthen one's resolve to do sth expands a war energetically, strive keeps right medium, cling to deterrence, keep within limits cling to, in to imprinting resort to arms.
After cold war ends, international strategy situation produces great change. Yin Jun thinks, the conventional war of volition of territory of the martial force that enemy state smashs through the war after cold war, plunder, conquer is watched, the international strategy pattern that incommensurate already development changed and situation of the South Asian Subcontinent, should " emphasizing detering action again, is not to emphasize conquer and occupational " .
Be based on this one thought, india from on the century begins to pursue at the beginning of 90 time " the area is detered " martial strategy. The core idea of this strategy is " refus stops " deterrence, show to the South Asian Subcontinent the country inside the area emphasizes holding absolute war dominant position, take a risk in order to prevent its into march thing, be opposite at the same time big country is formed through deterrence outside the area " power balance of power " , the action that restricts its navy to go up in the indian ocean is free, achieve thereby ensure coasting and territorial sea safety are mixed prevent big country to permeate wait for a purpose. Accordingly, go up from essence for, this strategy remains a k hans wilhelm ind of passive defence strategy.
Enter 21 centuries, indian safety environment is increasingly complex. On one hand, imprint cling to the low intensity conflict that is in Kashmir area is ceaseless, the large-scale conflict that causes from this even the risk that the nucleus conflicts still cannot eliminate; On the other hand, south Asia area is become terroristic original place mixes international to fear forward position instead, india is faced with " three-ply force " menace rises quickly. Below this kind of circumstance, yin Jun is examined afresh to its war strategy, the passive defence that thinks to be main goal in order to answer traditional and safe menace strategy already cannot satisfy the requirement that answers a variety of safety below new condition to browbeat.
For this, india is on the successful experience foundation that draw lessons from and absorbs the United States to fear war and Iraqi war instead in Afghanistan, combine the situation of South Asia area, made to its war st resealable bags for food rategy adjust. Yin Jun is holding to " the area is detered " on basic principle foundation of the strategy, gift its new connotation, its passive defence " refus stops deterrence " the thought adjusts those who be type of anticipate the enemy " chasten is detered " thought, emphasize hitting out actively, first enemy the action, control effectively, the hi-tech that devotes oneself to to hit condition of deterrence winning a nucleus to fall " finite and groovy war " , realized the strategy to coach thereby from the tradition " passive defense " to " offensive defence " simple change.
3, in fight on the object, emphasize by the past " in cling to pay equal attention to " adjust for " weak Ba Chongzhong "watch case
Enter 21 centuries, the Indian martial menace to Pakistan and China undertook be analyticed afresh, think cling to domestic political situation again and again queasy, economy grows development of slow, mili dearfoam slippers for women tary affairs to be restricted, consequently cling to the development of comprehensive national power and martial ability and Indian photograph are compared be in downtrend, be in to imprinted actual menace abate. And modernization of rapid development, military affairs accelerates political situation stability of China, economy ceaselessly, comprehensive national power and martial ability get bigger strengthen, "China is minatory " potential is rising. Accordingly, yin Jun put forward " two routes for emergency use the best selling dearfoam slipper fights " thought, the requirement handles the adj relation that menace of thing of medium, Ba Jun changes correctly, had made all sorts of martial fight preparation.
4, go up in strategic deploy, stable on the west line of line aggrandizement north, by attach most importance to with land turn to Liu Hai to pay equal attention to
Strategic deploy of Yin Jun is a basis actual strength of the minatory property that the target fights each below new condition, oneself and historical experience are taught a lesson and of establish. From 20 centuries since 80 time, deploy posture of Yin Jun has been formed on the west, north, south the specific situation of direction of 3 old strategies and mid strategy motor-driven. Among them, deploy key is western, military strength holds sum total 45% the left and right sides, basically use at detering Pakistan; North is second key, those who take total minitary force 25% the left and right sides, basically use at detering China; The south basically deploys naval force, use at coping with coastal waters Xiaoguo and come from maritime menace; Mid the strategic depth region that is India, take total minitary force 30% the left and right sides, use at carrying out frequent for emergency use to assist to each strategy direction.
In recent years, yin Jungen occupies the need of new war strategy, undertake proper adjustment to defense system. It is stable on the west line, reinforce boreal line. India already planned Xiang Zhongyin border land to add arms two country division, and deploy revive - 30 opportunity for combat and missile force, strengthen the local war dominant position to China further, base oneself upon at hitting the mark, the border land below miniature hi-tech condition is local war. 2 it is to increase motor-driven deploy minitary force appropriately. A few righter onefold carry out right China or right cling to fight the army of the task, gift its are right China and right cling to " task of double re-act battle " , carry out right China and right cling to two routes for emergency use fights; 3 be attach most importance to with land by the past turn to the indian ocean, form the deploy state that Liu Hai pays equal attention to. Current, yin Jun transfers the partial troop that withdraws after border land to the key to strengthen matters pertaining to defense littoral, built a naval naval force in the south, in order to enhance the actual strength of direction of the indian ocean.
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5, go up in force construction, make what the task fights outside condition of Zhi Nengsui travel cross an area to fight force
According to modern war characteristic and martial task need, yin Jun accelerated legionary structural adjustment and transition. In recent years Yin Jun highlights the sea, air force to build mainly, at the same time aggrandizement army returns troop quickly, strive to make have the whole world to fight the army of ability.
Indian army c hans wilhelm best buy ame on stage 2004 " army fights academic " , put forward clearly to " unifinication fights army " transition, those who promote army is stereo attack prevent, long-distance for emergency use and quick disposition ability. Current, army is suggesting the department of defense establishs unit of a quick response actively, force of this quick response can be passed instantly after receiving an order counteract maritime way deploy to reach the adjacent area with larger range for nothing.
Navy came on stage 2005 " navy fights academic " , this theory thinks, naval task do not answer a be confined to undertake " control is maritime traffic line and have naval battle " , and even capable " reach hostile sea area, control hostile seaside area " . For this, navy put forward " nuclear fierce adds aircraft carrier " " double arrowhead " development strategy, the key develops to wait for large surface naval ships and strategic nuclear-powered submarine with aircraft carrier, chaser, frigate, strive 2015 around, make Indian navy fight with 3 aircraft carrier group for core, the nucleus often has both, surface and underwater ability hold concurrently, ;equal;fitter;fittest;qualified;equal to the indian ocean and fight with open waters region the force of the task, ensure navy is had thereby remote " force is cast send " ability and " the 2nd times the nucleus makes reprisals " blow ability.
Air force came on stage 2007 " air force fights academic " , put forward air force general by transition of army of empty spaceflight of native land defence Xiang Hang, make air force is had " arrive from Persian Gulf Ma Liujia channel " of vast area " powerful strategy is outspread ability " . The 4th dimension in emphasizing a deep space labelling prospective war at the same time fights space, accelerate stand for war plane, airborne and day radical early-warning and control system construction, build air force to be able to hit land, sea, sky and aerospace " 4 dimension " war, can undertake fighting independently when necessary and force of the strategy that has deterrence power air force.
(The author is researcher of martial academy of sciences)
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